Gut microbiota-dependent CCR9+CD4+ T cells are altered in secondary progressive multiple sclerosis
نویسندگان
چکیده
منابع مشابه
Defining secondary progressive multiple sclerosis.
A number of studies have been conducted with the onset of secondary progressive multiple sclerosis as an inclusion criterion or an outcome of interest. However, a standardized objective definition of secondary progressive multiple sclerosis has been lacking. The aim of this work was to evaluate the accuracy and feasibility of an objective definition for secondary progressive multiple sclerosis,...
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Follicular regulatory T cells (TFR) have been extensively characterized in mice and participate in germinal center responses by regulating the maturation of B cells and production of (auto)antibodies. We report that circulating TFR are phenotypically distinct from tonsil-derived TFR in humans. They have a lower expression of follicular markers, and display a memory phenotype and lack of high ex...
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Recently, the clinical efficacy of interferon beta-1b (IFNbeta-1b) was demonstrated for secondary progressive (SP) multiple sclerosis in a European multicentre study. We evaluated the effect of IFNbeta-1b treatment on the rate of development of hypointense T(1) MRI lesions, a putative marker of axonal damage. Unenhanced T(1)-weighted images were obtained in a subgroup of 95 multiple sclerosis p...
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ژورنال
عنوان ژورنال: Brain
سال: 2019
ISSN: 0006-8950,1460-2156
DOI: 10.1093/brain/awz012